LAES is potential for frequency regulation, black start, clean fuel, load shifting. • Decoupled LAES is flexible, portable, cold-electricity-supply, yet costly currently. • Standalone LAES has a round-trip efficiency of 50–60 % and limited economic benefits. • Hybrid LAES has compelling thermoeconomic benefits with extra cold/heat contribution. [pdf]
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A trend towards greater self-sufficiency, higher energy prices, and a need for flexibility and supply security are pushing the industry’s growth, the BVES said. At over 40 percent, households had the highest rate of growth and about two million one-family-households in the country are expected to use an energy storage system by the end of 2024. [pdf]
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Some dramatically different approaches to EV batteries could see progress in 2023, though they will likely take longer to make a commercial impact. One advance to keep an eye on this year is in so-called solid-state batteries. Lithium-ion batteries and related chemistries use a liquid electrolyte that shuttles charge around;. .
Lithium-ion batteries keep getting better and cheaper, but researchers are tweaking the technology further to eke out greater performance and lower costs. Some of the motivation comes from the price volatility of battery. .
The Inflation Reduction Act, which was passed in late 2022, sets aside nearly $370 billion in funding for climate and clean energy, including billions for EV and battery manufacturing.. [pdf]
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The increase in battery demand drives the demand for critical materials. In 2022, lithium demand exceeded supply (as in 2021) despite the 180% increase in production since 2017. In 2022, about 60% of lithium, 30% of cobalt and 10% of nickel demand was for EV batteries. Just five years earlier, in 2017, these shares were. .
In 2022, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) remained the dominant battery chemistry with a market share of 60%, followed by lithium iron phosphate (LFP) with a share of just. .
With regards to anodes, a number of chemistry changes have the potential to improve energy density (watt-hour per kilogram, or Wh/kg). For. [pdf]
A Gravity storage scheme involves a piston with millions of metric tons raised by water pressure to store energy. As the piston descends this pushes water through a generator to deliver electricity. Prototype gravity storage projects are being developed by firms such as Scotland based Gravitricity. [pdf]
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