Lightning is not distributed evenly around . On Earth, the lightning frequency is approximately 44 (± 5) times per second, or nearly 1.4 flashes per year and the median duration is 0.52 seconds made up from a number of much shorter flashes (strokes) of around 60 to 70 . Many factors affect the frequency, distribution, strength and physical propertie. The Earth can store a significant amount of lightning energy. Every day, there are approximately 8.6 million lightning strikes, each discharging up to one billion Joules of electrostatically stored energy1. A single bolt of lightning carries about 7 gigajoules of energy, equivalent to the energy stored in 38 Imperial gallons or 172 liters of gasoline2. [pdf]
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A technology capable of harvesting lightning energy would need to be able to rapidly capture the high power involved in a lightning bolt. Several schemes have been proposed, but the ever-changing energy involved in each lightning bolt renders lightning power harvesting from ground-based rods impractical: too high and it will damage the storage; too low and it may not work. Additionally, lightning is sporadic, and therefore energy would have to be collected and stored; i. [pdf]
Thermal energy storage (TES) is the storage of for later reuse. Employing widely different technologies, it allows surplus thermal energy to be stored for hours, days, or months. Scale both of storage and use vary from small to large – from individual processes to district, town, or region. Usage examples are the balancing of energy demand between daytime and nighttim. [pdf]
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